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Archives for January 2021

How to Understand & Respond to Availability Alerts

January 29, 2021 by Jason Aw Leave a Comment

Understand & Respond to Availability Alerts

Houston We Have a Problem (or How to Understand & Respond to Availability Alerts)

A Successful Failure

Houston we have a problem!  It is an iconic line that reminds countless space buffs and movie fans about the great difficulty, potential disaster, and the perilous state of the Apollo 13 space mission – a mission NASA now calls “A Successful Failure.”  Ignoring your own application availability alerts may not go down in history as a defining moment, but can also wreak similar havoc

Now back to 1970:

“A routine stir of an oxygen tank ignited damaged wire insulation inside it, causing an explosion that vented the contents of both of the Service Module’s (SM) oxygen tanks to space. Without oxygen, needed for breathing and for generating electric power, the SM’s propulsion and life support systems could not operate. The Command Module’s (CM) systems had to be shut down to conserve its remaining resources for reentry, forcing the crew to transfer to the Lunar Module (LM) as a lifeboat. With the lunar landing canceled, mission controllers worked to bring the crew home alive.”

An explosion of oxygen tanks triggered alarms, warnings, pressure and voltage drops, interrupted communications, and then the now famous radio communication between the astronauts and Mission Control.  But what if, after the explosion, the crew did nothing? What if they never checked on the explosion, never responded to the warnings and gauges, and never informed Mission Control of there being an issue?  What if Mission Control, after being notified or alerted back at their dashboard in the control center, never attempted to provide any assistance?  What if the team buried their heads in the sand, or resigned themselves to fate and chance, never tried to learn, improvise, or improve from the failure they encountered?  The result would have been tragic!  It may have made it to a documentary, but hardly a blockbuster movie featuring an iconic line.

What Do You Do When an Alert is Triggered in Your Environment?

A;ert

Space walks are a far cry from our own day to day activities, unless of course you work for NASA, but recent blogs on Apollo 13 do spark a question applicable to availability.  What do you do when there is an alert triggered in your environment? Do you just ignore it?  Do you downplay it, waiting to see if the alerts, log messages, or other indicators will just go away?  Do you contact your vendor support to understand how you can disable these alerts, warnings, and messages?  Or do you say, “We have a problem here and we need to work it out”?

As a VP of Customer Experience at SIOS Technology Corp. we have experienced both sides of alerts and indicators.  We have painstakingly walked with customers who chose to ignore warnings, turning off critical alerts that indicated issues, ranging from application thresholds to network instability to potential data inconsistency.  And we have also seen customers who have tuned into their alerts, investigated why their alarms were going off, uncovered the root cause and enjoyed the fruit of their labor.  This fruit is most often the sweet reward of improved stability, innovation and learning, or an averted disaster.

4 things you can do when you your availability product triggers an alert

1. Determine if the type and criticality of the availability alert.

Is the alert or error indicative of a warning, an error, or a critical issue? A good place to assist you and your team with understanding criticality is to consult with available documentation. Check the product documentation, online forums, knowledge base articles (KBA), and internal team data and process manuals.

2. Assess the immediacy of the alert. 

For warnings and errors, how likely are they to progress into a critical issue or event.  For critical issues and alerts, this may be obvious but an assessment, even of critical events will provide some guidance on your next steps; self-correction, issue isolation, or immediate escalation.

3. Consult additional sources. 

What other sources can you access to make a determination about the alert condition? For example, if the alert is storage related, are there other tools that can expose the health of your storage?  If the issue is a network alert, are there hypervisor tools, traffic tools, NIC statistics, or other specialized monitoring tools deployed to help with analysis.

4. Contact support.

In other words, if you are unsure, alert Mission Control. After determining the type, assessing the immediacy, and consulting additional sources, it is a good idea to contact your vendor for support.  A warning about a threshold for API calls may seem innocent. But if the API calls will fail once such a limit is reached, this could be cause for immediate action. Getting the authority of the specialist can be helpful in keeping peace of mind and avoiding disaster.

An experienced vendor like SIOS can help you quickly identify the causes of problems and recommend the best solution.

Repeatedly ignoring problems in your availability environment can lead to unexpected, but no less devastating results. Addressing the problems indicated by alerts, log messages, warning indicators, or other installed and configured indicators gives your customers, your business, your teams, and yourself the “opportunity to solve the problems,” before it becomes a disaster. And at the same time, strengthens your availability strategy and infrastructure.  Which will you choose?

–  Cassius Rhue, VP, Customer Experience

Reproduced from SIOS

 

Filed Under: Clustering Simplified Tagged With: Application availability, application monitoring, disaster recovery, High Availability, high availability - SAP, SQL Server High Availability

Do I Even Need High Availability software in the Cloud?

January 23, 2021 by Jason Aw Leave a Comment

Do I Even Need High Availability software in the Cloud?

Do I Even Need High Availability software in the Cloud?

Allow me to jog your memory . . .

Maybe today you haven’t had a failure in a dozen or more months and suddenly the slam dunk renewal for your high availability software licenses is under the redline of the CFO’s pen.  Or perhaps, due in part to the overuse of the term, clever marketing, or the redefinition of high availability your CIO, once the most die-hard availability fan, has begun to waver on its value.  Or maybe, just maybe it’s not the CFO or the CIO, but you who decided that you might have enough HA without needing high or higher availability software in the equation.

While the public cloud is incredibly resilient and availability has been considered at many turns, the need for stable, maintainable high availability software is still a present reality.  Consider 2020 for example, advances in public cloud computing and availability have still been unable to prevent common mishaps such as bad practice and bad code causing an application crash, undisclosed data center failures, nameless construction snafus affecting power or networking, capacity overload on a VM, or cooling system failures as noted by one CRN article.

Here are seven reasons you still need higher availability software in the Cloud: 

1. For increased depth and breadth of application coverage for your most critical enterprise applications

No single Cloud vendor will have all the tools, software, and applications you need baked into their cloud infrastructure in a way that your enterprise can consume.  Because of this, you will likely migrate workloads to the cloud into IaaS offerings that require someone or something to protect these workloads and make sure they are highly available.

2. For automated and intelligent application recovery of systems, resources and their dependencies.

Cloud vendors know about clouds. High availability vendors know about application high availability. When, not if, a failure happens in the cloud your application needs intelligent recovery of the failed components; systems, application resources, infrastructure components and their dependencies.  As an expert in availability, your software vendor has a breadth of knowledge baked into the application protection. In the SIOS Protection Suite for Linux product, wizard based automation using industry best practices, and a long history of application expertise drive clear automated recovery of applications in a failure scenario

3. For intelligent block level data replication for your application, increasing your resilience in the event of a system panic or datacenter outage

Application coverage and smart, balanced recovery is made possible when the data is available on the standby system in the event of a failure.  When your HA vendor includes block level data replication, you are able to expand the failover resilience of your application beyond a single datacenter or region into multiple datacenters and regions.  Block level data replication is also an effective way to avoid hardware values that impact cloud volumes in a single data center.  One cloud incident involving a datacenter power and subsequent generator failure resulted in hardware damage and data loss for instances running in the single data center.  Cloud does not mean that you are completely safe from all failures, and backups as well as highly available data replication copies is a must.

4. For a faster response mechanism for problem detection and resolution

Your HA software is the first line of defense for identifying and remediating application failures.  With monitoring daemons, an application failure can be quickly detected and remediated by the software before users are critically impacted.  In addition, your high availability software such as the SIOS Protection Suite for Linux solution includes configurable methods for sending and communicating alerts to administrators, event consoles, or dashboards which allows you to instantly and effectively communicate with key  .

5. For an additional source of data that can be mined and audited to help predict the health and stability of your enterprise

Data is king.  Your high availability software is a tremendous source of data and information about your environment that can be mined and audited.  As your HA solution responds to application failures, infrastructure issues and latencies, and drives your uptime through transient failures their logs capture critical information on the health of your enterprise.  As VP of Customer Experience, our Customer Success and Support team was able to use our HA logs to provide a health check up to a customer, informing them of several application issues and optimizations possible because of the captured log data.

6. For the balanced and truthful viewpoint, and supplemental wisdom needed for your enterprise

In addition to the value of the High Availability software, there is another reason why you still need HA software in the cloud.  That additional reason is the balanced and truthful viewpoint and supplemental wisdom of your HA vendor’s development, services and customer experience teams.  Your HA software is supported by a team of experts, experienced availability engineers, and most importantly a services and support team with years of best practice experience, application specific knowledge, and cross pollinated ideas and skills that can greatly benefit your enterprise.

7. For reduced planned maintenance downtime

Last but not least, your higher availability software helps reduce or possibly eliminate the downtime required for upgrades, minor patches, and rolling preventative maintenance.  Utilizing your HA software’s switchover and failover capabilities, your standby server can be actively patched, updated, and tested then promoted to being the active availability node.  Thereby ensuring that your critical systems are running on the latest releases while minimizing the penalty of upgrades.

Yes, the Cloud has added increased hardware and platform stability for applications, developers, and enterprise users, but if you’ve begun thinking that you don’t need high availability you are heading down a dark alley that ends in the despair of a late night of cold pizza putting applications back online, explaining the unexplainable, and contemplating dusting off resumes.  So thanks for letting me jog your memory . . .  You and your HA software need each other, even in the Cloud.

– Cassius Rhue, Vice President, Customer Experience

Reproduced with permission from SIOS

 

Filed Under: Clustering Simplified Tagged With: Amazon AWS, Amazon EC2, Cloud, cloud migration

Should I Still Use Zabbix In AWS?

January 16, 2021 by Jason Aw Leave a Comment

Should I Still Use Zabbix In AWS

Should I Still Use Zabbix In AWS?

Amazon EC2 monitoring

For mission-critical applications, ERPs, and databases, such as SQL Server, SAP, HANA, and Oracle your application monitoring needs are best served by a clustering software like SIOS Protection Suite that monitors the full application stack (on-premises or in the cloud). If it detects an application issue, it orchestrates the failover of application operation to a standby node automatically.

However, for applications that don’t require high availability clustering, Zabbix has a high market share as an integrated OSS monitoring tool.  Although it has been widely used in on-premise environments, there are many examples of Zabbix being used in AWS environments.  In spite of the fact that AWS also has monitoring services such as Amazon CloudWatch, why should you use Zabbix?  This section explains the benefits of monitoring EC2 instances and other instances, as well as the configuration process.

Why use Zabbix instead of Amazon CloudWatch?

In an AWS environment, all of the infrastructure is operated by AWS, but you must be responsible for the operation of the Amazon EC2 instances themselves and the applications built on Amazon EC2. In other words, you must monitor the applications to ensure that they are operating properly, and you must take action when a problem occurs.  For non-mission-critical applications, Zabbix is a good candidate for this kind of monitoring tool.

Zabbix has the advantage of being able to monitor not only on-premises, but also cloud and virtual environments in an integrated manner.

Whereas the standard Amazon CloudWatch is limited to monitoring AWS resources (CPU, memory, etc.), Zabbix allows you to monitor even the state of your applications in detail. The following is a list of other advantages of Zabbix.

Integrated monitoring of environments with multiple AWS accounts

Amazon CloudWatch performs monitoring on a per AWS account basis.  Zabbix can monitor an environment of multiple AWS accounts, that can be monitoring business systems consisting of multiple accounts.  It can also detect anomalies not only by simple alerts based on thresholds, but also by multiple thresholds and conditions in combination. 

It can be configured Detailed notifications to suit the actual conditions of operation

Amazon CloudWatch can notify you with a message in the event of an anomaly.  For example, if your system is down for maintenance, you don’t need to be notified by message.  This is where Zabbix allows you to configure these cases in a way that allows you to suppress unwanted messages.  This way you can ensure that you are only notified when something is really wrong that needs to be addressed.

No retention period for metrics (monitoring log)

With Amazon CloudWatch, metrics can be stored for up to 15 months.  Moreover, you can only store metrics in hourly increments for 15 months, and if the monitoring interval is set to less than 60 seconds, you can only store them for a maximum of 3 hours.  Zabbix allows for long-term storage of metrics without changing the granularity of information.

How to monitor AWS environment with Zabbix

If you want to use Zabbix in an AWS, you will need to create an Amazon EC2 and DB instance and install Zabbix on it.  After installation, the process of configuring Zabbix is basically the same as on-premise, except that you will need to set up the following

  1. User account (in addition to the Admin user of Zabbix, you will need to create a user for production use)
  2. Zabbix host agent (determines where the data is collected from)
  3. Items (setting what data to collect)
  4. Triggers (defining what state the data is in that is abnormal)
  5. Actions (defining the actions to be taken when an error occurs)

In addition, you can configure AWS-specific settings, such as creating a user in AWS IAM with the necessary permissions for Zabbix, which will allow Zabbix to monitor applications and other aspects of your AWS environment.

Use the right tool for your monitoring needs

Not all corporate systems operate in isolation, but many systems are linked together to exchange data and ensure consistency as a whole.  In these environments, Zabbix is a great tool for monitoring and detecting anomalies across multiple servers and systems.  For example, if a DB-based web application has an anomaly on the web application server, it is possible to disable the data, for example.

On the other hand, Zabbix has a lot of configuration options, so you will have to decide what to monitor and how, and what conditions are abnormal.

On the other hand, Zabbix has a lot of settings, so you have to design the operation exactly what to monitor and what to do about it, and what to do about it. Of course, for critical systems such a design is essential, however, for relatively simple systems, such as “if a process stops, just restart it”, there is no match for Zabbix monitoring.

For mission-critical applications, SIOS Protection Suite includes application recovery kits that provide application-specific monitoring of the entire application environment, server, storage and network as well as failover orchestration according to application-specific best practices on Amazon EC2.

Don’t trust your application availability and monitoring to just anyone.  Get in touch with the availability experts at SIOS to see how we can help you.

Reproduced from SIOS

Filed Under: Clustering Simplified Tagged With: Application availability, application monitoring, Zabbix

How To Choose A Cloud When You Need High Availability

January 8, 2021 by Jason Aw Leave a Comment

How to Choose a Cloud when you need High Availability

How To Choose A Cloud When You Need High Availability

Understand the cloud market

A number of analyst firms are predicting an ever-increasing number of deployments of applications, databases, and solutions in the cloud. According to Gartner, firms are “moving to the cloud at an increasing rate.”[1] In fact, Gartner and other analysts expect the pace of cloud migration and deployment will continue to accelerate, driven in large part by the pace of innovation in the cloud. In a TechTarget article by Kurt Marko, of MarkoInsights, Marko notes that the pace of innovation that is “being undertaken in the cloud likely can’t be replicated on premises due to the elastic, scalable, and on-demand nature of managed public cloud services.”

We see more and more companies that had been using the cloud only for DevOps applications and databases that were not essential to their business, are now moving mission-critical applications, ERPs and databases that require high availability protection to the cloud.

If you are considering a move to the cloud – and it seems likely that you are – there are several keys to understand when you need high availability.

Familiarize yourself with the cloud high availability options

To plan for the proper availability solution for a cloud or hybrid cloud deployment, consider what the pain points are with regards to both availability (99.9% uptime) and high availability (99.99% uptime). You also need to understand the options that are available for high availability with an eye towards your plans to migrate to the cloud. Notable analysts and experts suggest looking for solutions that will not only mitigate and reduce the pain of migrating your workloads, but will also provide a balanced and comprehensive approach to availability throughout the lifespan of your cloud architecture. Note, it is also wise to consider solutions that can provide protection and high availability for portions of your workload that may one day repatriate from the cloud back to your on-premises environment.

Here are ten things to consider when comparing your availability options in the cloud: 

1. The deployment method. Is it possible to deploy the availability solution you are considering  using an image, CLI, UI, or other repeatable solution such as cloud formation template or packaged scripts.

2. The system requirements. Most notably, consider the operating system (OS), disk, CPU, and memory requirements.

3. The deployment environments. Do your availability options support on-premises only, one or more public clouds, or can they support a mixture, and/or hybrid cloud deployment. Is there a SaaS offering available as well?

4. The breadth and depth of application protection. “Breadth” meaning what types of applications, databases, front-ends, networking, and infrastructure components can be protected?  Is there a flexible framework for adding new applications and variants? “Depth” meaning – is the solution application-aware – and able to maintain application-specific best practices throughout the application failover/failback processes?

5. Performance requirements. We often think of RTO and RPO, but what about other performance needs of your solution. Will your availability solution cause performance issues on failover?

6. Resilience requirements. How large a cluster can the availability solution support?, How many faults and failures can it detect and recover from. How will replication be handled while keeping metadata in sync?

7. Supportability and maintenance. Does the availability vendor have experience with a wide range of availability needs and configurations? Do they have longevity, and a support system designed to address issues that may go beyond their solution? Can they help you minimize disruption and planned downtime during your system management and maintenance (patches, upgrades, and general maintenance).

8. Total cost of ownership. There are entire industries and services dedicated to helping you calculate the total cost of ownership, so we won’t cover that here. Suffice it to say, your calculations will be unique to your organization, cloud provider, applications, and IT team. You should consider whether your availability solution vendor can help you identify strategies for saving utilization, licensing, and other costs? Does the solution automate manual tasks, reduce IT labor time?

9. Licensing and pricing model. How do you consume the cost of the software? Is there a subscription fee, subscription model, pay-as-you-go offering, bring your own license (BYOL), or combination of flexible options. How will you enable the product licensing?  Is there a license server, licensing service, or encrypted key based on virtual machine deployment details, such as address, hostname, MAC address.

10. The impact on IT staff. How much training with the solution require? How much manual intervention will be needed in the event of an application failure event or disaster? Will it require specialized scripting that needs to be maintained? Who will be responsible for ongoing maintenance?

Weigh the benefits and trade-offs

Like every important decision, you need to understand your tradeoffs and choose the best balance to meet your needs. For example, I recently asked a friend to recommend a good walking shoe. I bought a pair he raved about – noting how lightweight they were, how strong and durable the fabric, and how stylish they were.  I went for my first long walk-run in them, and I donated my first pair of “one run” shoes immediately thereafter. When I went to ‘Fleet Feet’ to get an expert’s opinion I ended up with a heavier shoe, with more breathable fabric (also less durable), and an unrivaled level of hideousness. I made a tradeoff between appearance and function that worked for my needs and budget.

Like running shoes, there is no silver bullet solution that will be the right fit for every company, every application, every database, and every possible server and architecture. You are officially free to stop looking for it. Instead, settle into the activity of weighing the trade-offs to determine what is the right fit for your company’s needs. Think about your tradeoffs. For example, if you’re sure you will be a full Microsoft shop, the importance of GCP and AWS support should be a little lower in your evaluation process.

Take your IT infrastructure dynamics into account

Think holistically about availability in your entire IT infrastructure – both on premises and in the cloud. The reasons to do so are best explained with another analogy. In 2018, I was the coordinator for an outreach program feeding the homeless and hungry in Columbia, South Carolina. Our group met once a week to serve a meal and a message of hope to over 100 men, women and children. When we considered expanding – adding more days of the week, more hours, or additional services, we had to think well beyond simple scheduling requirements. Knowing that we were providing a critical service to clients who depend on us, we had to consider all the factors that affected our ability to deliver those services consistently for the long-term, such as: cost, ages of our team members, outside obligations, alternative methods to achieve our goals, risk factors, and other dynamics within our parent organization.

When you are choosing your solution, after you’ve understood the market, familiarized yourself with options, and weighed the trade-offs, the last step is to take into account the various other dynamics in your overall environment. Will the solution meet the needs of your business as a whole? Will your critical data be protected from loss? Will your end-user productivity be protected from downtime? What training will be required to move to the cloud and how will that impact your ability to manage or maintain the solution that you choose? What IT roles will be added, removed, or changed in your cloud journey?  Will any responsibilities for application availability move to any line-of-business owners? And how will the shifts in responsibilities, or team make up improve or decrease your overall potential for success. Consider whether your team needs to take a step-by-step approach, migrating smaller workloads first.

As VP of Customer Experience, I have seen a wide range of cloud migrating planning – some straightforward others extremely disruptive. In one instance a customers’ move to the cloud was highly contentious because management saw it as an opportunity to eliminate an entire IT department. I’m not suggesting that you play politics, but you should be aware of all of the factors at play in these complex projects.

Migrating to the cloud is supposed to save money, time and resources while affording improvements in availability and resilience. Regardless of which cloud you choose, make sure that you consider these tips and select the corresponding availability solution that gives you the flexibility to deliver the protection you need in the configuration you want.

Learn more about cloud high availability options with SIOS.

– Cassius Rhue, VP of Customer Experience, SIOS

Reproduced with permission from SIOS

Filed Under: Clustering Simplified Tagged With: Amazon AWS, Amazon EC2, Application availability, Cloud, clusters, High Availability

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